Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
Intestinal growth factor peptide that promotes mucosal proliferation and reduces permeability, used for short bowel syndrome.
Chemical Identity
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C166H258N44O55S |
| Molecular Weight | 3774 Da |
| CAS Number | 111636-97-4 |
| Peptide Class | Gut Peptide (33 amino acids) |
| Sequence | HADGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITD |
Structure
Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is a 33-amino acid peptide derived from tissue-specific post-translational processing of proglucagon by prohormone convertase 1/3 in intestinal L-cells. It shares sequence homology with GLP-1 and glucagon but has distinct biological functions.
Mechanism of Action
GLP-2 binds GLP-2 receptors on subepithelial myofibroblasts and enteric neurons, activating cAMP/PKA signaling. This stimulates intestinal epithelial proliferation, inhibits apoptosis, enhances barrier function, reduces gastric motility and acid secretion, and increases mesenteric blood flow. It is trophic to both small and large intestine.
Clinical Applications
- Short bowel syndrome: Intestinal adaptation (teduglutate)
- Intestinal failure: Reducing parenteral nutrition dependence
- Intestinal injury: Mucosal protection and repair
- Research: Intestinal stem cell biology
Pharmacology
- Half-life: 7 minutes (native), extended in analogs
- Release: Postprandial from L-cells
- DPP-4: Rapidly inactivated (limits native activity)
- Analogs: Teduglutide (DPP-4 resistant)
References
- Jeppesen, P.B., et al. (2011). Teduglutide for short bowel syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 365, 1789-1799.
- Drucker, D.J. (2001). Gut peptides and the regulation of intestinal adaptation. Gastroenterology, 120, 757-762.
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