PGLa
Amphibian antimicrobial peptide from Xenopus laevis that synergizes with magainin 2 for enhanced membrane disruption.
Chemical Identity
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C90H155N23O20 |
| Molecular Weight | 1855 Da |
| Peptide Class | Amphibian Antimicrobial Peptide |
| Sequence | GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2 |
| Origin | Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) |
Structure
PGLa (peptidyl-glycine-leucine-amide) is a 21-amino acid amphipathic alpha-helical peptide from Xenopus laevis skin. It is amidated at the C-terminus, enhancing membrane interaction. The peptide adopts a tilted helix orientation in lipid bilayers, and its activity is dramatically enhanced by synergy with magainin 2.
Mechanism of Action
PGLa disrupts bacterial membranes through its amphipathic alpha-helical structure. Uniquely, it shows strong synergy with magainin 2: the two peptides form heterodimers that insert more deeply into membranes, creating larger pores than either peptide alone. This synergy can increase activity 10-100-fold.
Clinical Applications
- Research model: Studying AMP synergy and membrane mechanisms
- Combination therapy potential: Synergistic formulations
- Structure-activity studies: Understanding alpha-helical AMP mechanisms
- Agricultural applications: Plant protection
Pharmacology
- Spectrum: Broad (gram-positive, gram-negative)
- Synergy: 10-100x potentiation with magainin 2
- Membrane orientation: Tilted (30-40 degrees from normal)
- Selectivity: Bacterial over mammalian membranes
References
- Hoffman, W., et al. (1985). PGLa: a novel antimicrobial peptide from Xenopus skin. FEBS Letters, 190, 317-321.
- Matsuzaki, K., et al. (1998). Synergy of PGLa and magainin 2. Biochemistry, 37, 15144-15153.
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